探索建築反映的生活方式與文化
Exploring how architecture reflects everyday life and local culture
Senyum Residences, Crescendo Development Sdn Bhd, Maud Architect
各國建築因文化與環境而呈現不同樣貌。相較於台灣常見的地下停車場，馬來西亞不少住宅與商場採地上停車配置。部分高樓住宅更設有六層以上的「停車裙樓」，住戶沿坡道駕車上樓，再轉乘電梯返家。
Architecture varies from country to country, shaped by local culture and environmental conditions. Underground parking is common in Taiwan, while many residential developments and shopping malls in Malaysia provide above-ground parking. Some residential towers sit atop parking podiums six storeys or more in height. Residents drive up ramps to their parking level, then take a lift to their homes.
Dato Dalam, Crescendo Development Sdn Bhd, Maud Architect
馬來西亞之所以在建築多為地面層高樓停車場這樣的配置，背後交織著地理環境、建築成本、生活習慣與政策法規這四個核心維度。
Four interrelated factors shape the widespread use of above-ground multi-storey car parks in Malaysia: local geography, construction costs, everyday habits and planning regulations.
地質的條件
停車場向上或向下配置，需先評估基地的地下條件。開挖深度與施工難度，是比較兩種方案時的重要考量。
馬來西亞市區地下水位非常高，且部分地層含有泥炭土。建造地下室需要大量的開挖、運土、抽水、結構加固及防水工程，其每坪的造價遠高於地面上的結構。
Ground Conditions
The choice between above-ground and underground parking starts with assessing the site’s subsurface conditions. Excavation depth and construction complexity are key considerations when comparing the two options.
Urban areas in Malaysia often have high groundwater levels, and some sites contain layers of peat. Basement construction requires extensive excavation, soil removal, dewatering, structural reinforcement and waterproofing. As a result, it costs considerably more per square metre than building above ground.
環保與法規的約束
馬來西亞全年熱帶雨林氣候，地下停車場若通風不足，容易累積熱廢氣，造成安全隱患。
因此建築法規對停車場的通風與採光有管制，停車場蓋在地面層較易符合標準，並節省抽風機與照明的能源需求。
Malaysia’s tropical rainforest climate is hot and humid year-round. In underground car parks with inadequate ventilation, heat and vehicle exhaust can build up, creating safety risks.
Building regulations therefore set requirements for ventilation and lighting in car parks. Above-ground car parks can meet these requirements more readily by using natural ventilation and daylight, reducing the energy needed for extraction fans and artificial lighting.
汽車導向的都市發展
由於馬來西亞生活習慣高度依賴汽車出行，每一戶都有高配額車位需求法規也規定車位的配給，但車位全挖到地下室，將難以想像其工程量，因此法規容許並引導建商向上蓋停車場。
Malaysia’s reliance on cars creates demand for multiple parking spaces per household, and regulations set minimum parking requirements for residential developments. Accommodating all those spaces underground would require extensive excavation. Regulations therefore allow developers to meet these requirements with above-ground parking, encouraging the use of multi-storey car parks.
獎勵的引導型政策
馬來西亞法規規定停車場面積不計入大樓容積率。等於讓建商在不犧牲珍貴的商業或住宅容積的前提下，能用最低的成本滿足法規要求的車位數量。
Under Malaysian regulations, parking floor area is excluded from a building’s plot ratio calculation. This allows developers to meet minimum parking requirements at a lower construction cost while preserving the floor area available for commercial or residential use.
Senyum Residences, Crescendo Development Sdn Bhd, Maud Architect
建築如同社會的一面鏡子，映照人們的需求與生活。設計之初，我們從未來使用者的文化、生活習慣與所處環境出發，思考空間如何回應他們的日常。
Architecture holds up a mirror to society, reflecting what people need and how they live. From the outset, we consider the culture, daily routines and surroundings of the people who will use a space. These considerations guide how we design for their everyday lives.
Senyum Residences, Crescendo Development Sdn Bhd, Maud Architect
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